Daphne du Maurier

Other Writing Genres of Du Maurier

Daphne Du Maurier Quote

Works by Daphne Du Maurier

• The Loving Spirit, 1931
• Jamaica Inn, 1936
• Rebecca, 1938
• Frenchman's Creek, 1941
• September Tide, 1948
• My Cousin Rachel, 1951
• Kiss Me Again, Stranger (including The Birds), 1952
• The Scapegoat, 1957
• Vanishing Cornwall, 1967
• Myself When Young, 1977

Sources:

• Goring, Rosemary, Ed. Larousse Dictionary of Writers. New York: Larousse, 1994.
• Ousby, Ian. The Cambridge Guide to Literature in English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
• Payne, Tom. The A-Z of Great Writers. London: Carlton, 1997.

Daphne du Maurier

(1907-1989)

English novelist, biographer, and playwright, who published romantic suspense novels, mostly set on the coast of Cornwall. Du Maurier is best known for REBECCA (1938), filmed by Alfred Hitchcock in 1940. Orson Welles's radio adaptation from 1938 also paved way for its success. The novel has been characterized as the last and most famous imitations of Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre (1847).

"Adventure was here. Adventure was there. Adventure was in picking up a posy dropped by a lady and offering it to an old gentleman who patted her head and gave her two-pence. Adventure was in gazing into pawnbrokers' windows, in riding in wagons when the carter smiled, in scuffling with apprentice boys, in hovering outside the bookshops, and when the bookseller was inside, tearing out the middle pages to read at home, for prospective purchasers never looked at anything but the beginning and the end." (from Mary Anne, 1954)

Daphne du Maurier was born in London into an artistic family. She was the granddaughter of caricaturist George du Maurier, her mother, Muriel Beaumont, was an actress, and her father was the actor-manager Sir Gerald du Maurier, who turned to writing and created the mad hypnotist Svengali. One of her ancestors was Mary Anne Clarke, the mistress of the duke of York, second son of King George III. She later became the heroine of du Maurier's novel MARY ANNE (1954). In 1831 Mary Anne Clarke's daughter married Louis-Mathurin Busson du Maurier. Her father Du Maurier portrayed in GERALD (1934). THE GLASS-BLOWERS (1963) was a novel about the Busson family.

Du Maurier grew up in a lively London household, where friends like J.M. Barrie and Edgar Wallace visited frequently. She was a voracious reader, fascinated by imaginary worlds. Her uncle, a magazine editor, published one of her stories when Du Maurier was only a teenager and got her a literary agent. Keen aware that of her father's desire for a son, she grew up wishing that she had been a boy. However, she was her father's favorite, partly due to her literary talents. Her masculine alter ego she called "Eric Avon". Du Maurier also had a male narrator in several novels. Later in life she wrote in a letter, "And then the boy realised he had to grow up and not to be a boy any longer, so he turned into a girl and not an unattractive one at that, and the boy was locked in a box forever."

Du Maurier attended schools in London, Meudon, France, and Paris. Her first book, THE LOVING SPIRIT, appeared in 1931. It was followed by JAMAICA INN (1936), a historical tale of smugglers, which was bought for the movies, and directed by Alfred Hitchcock, who later used her short story, 'The Birds', a tense tale of nature turning on humanity, for another film production. Also Du Maurier's FRENCHMAN'S CREEK, a pirate romance, and MY COUSIN RACHEL (1951), were succesfully filmed. The latter examined how a man may be manipulated by a woman, who perhaps has murdered her husband. Ambrose Ashley meets the beautiful Rachel Sangaletti, marries her and died six months later. He has sent letters to his nephew Philip, the narrator, who first hates Rachel, and then is bewitched by her. Du Maurier leaves open the question, is Rachel a posoner, or an innocent victim of Ambrose's and then Philip's paranoid fantasies. The author herself was as puzzled as her readers, did Rachel kill Ambrose. "Sometimes I think she did, sometimes I didn't - in the end I just couldn't make up my mind," du Maurier said. Rachel dies, taking the secret with her, but Philip's role in her death is clear, and perhaps he is the real murderer of the story.

Before du Maurier married Lieutenant Colonel Frederick Arthur Montague Browning II in 1932, she had sexual liaison with the director Carol Reed. Browning, who was knighted for his distinguished service during World War II, died in 1965. Though their union appeared perfect on the surface – they were married for thirty-three years and had three children – she felt uncomfortable with other army wives. In 1947 Du Maurier fell in love with Ellen Doubleday, the wife of her American publisher, who remained her lifelong friend, and then with the actress Gertrude Lawrence.

Du Maurier was made dame in 1969 for her literary distinction. She died on April 19, 1989. Her pictorial memoir, ENCHANTED CORNWALL, appeared posthumously in 1992. With her son, Christian, she published VANISHING CORNWALL in 1967. LikeRebecca, many of her novels and short stories were set in Cornwall, England's westernmost county, whose wild, stormy weather and wild past inspired her imagination. "Here was the freedom I desired, long sought-for, not yet known," she wrote in Vanishing Cornwall. "Freedom to write, to walk, to wander, freedom to climb hills, to pull a boat, to be alone." Du Maurier's home was at a seventeenth-century mansion, Menabilly, overlooking the sea, for a quarter of a century. The house became the scene of her historical novel THE KING'S GENERAL (1946).

Rebecca's opening line, "Last night I dreamt I went to Manderley again," is among the most memorable in twentieth-century literature. The story centers on a young and timid heroine. Her life is made miserable by her strangely behaving husband, Maxim de Winter, whom she just have married. Maxim is a wealthy widower, whose wife Rebecca has died in mysterious circumstances. His house is ruled by Mrs. Danvers, the housekeeper, who has made Rebecca's room a shrine. Du Maurier focuses on the fears and fantasies of the new wife, who eventually learns, that her husband did not love his former wife, a cruel, egoistical woman. Because of the familiar plot, suits of plagiarism were brought against du Maurier, but they were dropped when the widespread use of the theme, beginning from Charlotte Brontë's works, was established. Rebecca has also similarities with Carolina Nabuco's book A Sucessora (1934). Du Maurier's story, on the other hand, inspired Maureen Freely's The Other Rebecca (1996), in which the enigmatic Maxim de Winter appears as Max Midwinter.

Du Maurier started to write Rebecca while traveling in Egypt. First the work progressed slowly, but then Du Maurier poured all of her own emotions in the central characted after learning about her husband's earlier live and his great love, Jan Ricardo, who had been an exotic, dark beauty. Ricardo died tragically during the war; she committed suicide by throwing herself under a train. Before Alfred Hitchcock's film version, Orson Welles made a radio dramatization of Rebecca. It was performed in December 1938 by The Campbell Playhouse and sponsored by Campbell Soup. The adaptation starts with Bernard Herrmann's waltz-ladden score, but is then interrupted by an "important message from a man who keeps one eye on the dining table and another on the pantry..." Welles played Maxim de Winter and Margaret Sullavan the second Mrs de Winter. The producer David O. Selznick sent a transcript of the broadcast to Hitchcock. "If we do in motion pictures as fauthful a job as Welles did on the radio," Selznick wrote, "we are likely to have the same success the book had and the same success that Welles had."

Besides popular novels Du Maurier published short stories, plays, and biographies, among others Branwell Brontë's, the brother of sisters Anne, Charlotte and Emily. Her biography of Francis Bacon, an English statesman in the 1500s and 1600s, appeared in 1976. Du Maurier's autobiography, GROWING PAINS, was published when she was 70. In the late 1950s, du Maurier began to take interest in the supernatural. During this period she wrote several stories, which explored fears and paranoid fantasies, among them 'The Pool', in which a young girl glimpses a magical world in the woods, but is later barred from it, and 'The Blue Lenses', in which a woman sees everyone around her having the head of an animal. In 1970 appeared her second collection of short stories, NOT AFTER MIDNIGHT, which included 'Don't Look Now', a tale set in Venice, involving a psychic old lady, a man with the sixth sense, and a murderous dwarf. A film version of the story, directed by Nicholas Roeg, was made in 1973. Du Maurier received in 1977 the Grand Master Award from the Mystery Writers of America.

For further reading: Daphne Du Maurier by Richard Kelly ( 1987); Daphne: The Life of Daphne du Maurier by Judith Cook (1991); The Private World of Daphne du Maurier by Martyn Shallcross (1992); Daphne du Maurier by Margaret Forster (1993); Daphne Du Maurier: A Daughter's Memoir by Flavia Leng (1995); Daphne Du Maurier: Writing, Identity and the Gothic Imagination by Avril Horner, Sue Zlosnik (1998); Mystery and Suspense Writers, vol. 1, ed. by Robin W. Winks (1998); Daphne Du Maurier, Haunted Heiress by Nina Auerbach (1999) -George Du Maurier (1834-96). Artist and illustrator, born in Paris. Joined the staff of Punch, and gained fame as a satirist. Wrote and illustrated three novels. He produced his first novel, Peter Ibbetson (1891), at the age of fifty-six, and then wrote Trilby (1894), which brought the name of a character, Svengali, to common use. - Note: Du Maurier's and actress Gertrude Lawrence's love letters were published in Daphne Du Maurier: The Secret Life of the Renowned Storyteller by Margaret Forster (1993).

Selected works:

• THE LOVING SPIRIT, 1931
• I'LL NEVER BE YOUNG AGAIN, 1932
• THE PROGRESS OF JULIUS, 1933
• GERALD: A PORTRAIT, 1934
• JAMAICA INN, 1936 - Film 1939, dir. by Alfred Hitchcock, script Sidney Gillant, Joan Harrison, J:B. Priestley, based on Daphne Du Maurier's novel (uncredited), starring Maureen O'Hara, Robert Newton and Charles Laughton; 1983, TV movie, dir. Lawrence Gordon Clark, teleplay Derek Marlowe, starring Jane Seymour, Patrick McGoohan and Trevor Eve; 1995, L'auberge de la Jamaïque, TV movie prod. 13 Productions, France 2 Cinéma, dir. Gilles Béhat, starring Alice Béat, Isabelle Roelandt and Harry Cleven.
• THE DU MAURIERS, 1937
• REBECCA, 1938 - Rebecca (suom. Helvi Vasara, 1938) - Films: 1940, dir. by Alfred Hitchcock, starring Laurence Olivier, Joan Fontaine, George Sanders. Rebecca was one of the top five box-office hits of 1940 and won Academy Awards for Best Picture and Cinematography. However, all reviews were not positive: "Dave Selznick's picture is too tragic and deeply psychological to hit the fancy of wide audience appeal... General audiences will tab it as a long-drawn out drama that could have been told better in less footage." (Variety, March 27. 1940) Du Maurier herself did not like the film, which shifted the locale from Cornwall to America. - 1948, TV movie, in The Philco Television Playhouse, dir. Fred Coe, with Bob Haymes, Bert Lytell and Florence Reed; 1950, TV movie, in Robert Montgomery Presents, with Barbara Bel Geddes, Robert Montgomery and Sue Ellen Blake; 1952, TV movie, in Broadway Television Theatre, with Patricia Breslin and Scott Forbes; 1962, TV movie, prod. National Broadcasting Company (NBC), starring James Mason, Joan Hackett and Nina Foch; 1969, TV movie, prod. Radiotelevisione Italiana (RAI), dir. Eros Macchi, starring Amedeo Nazzari, Ileana Ghione and Elena Zareschi; 1969, Mi amor por ti, TV series, dir. Raúl Araiza, with María Rivas, Guillermo Murray and Anita Blanch; 1979, TV mini-series, prod. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), dir. Simon Langton, starring Jeremy Brett, Joanna David and Elspeth March; 1997, TV movie, dir. Jim O'Brien, starring Charles Dance, Diana Rigg and Geraldine James; Rebecca, la prima moglie, 2008, TV drama, prod. Rai Fiction, Titanus, dir. Riccardo Milani, with Alessio Boni, Cristiana Capotondi and Mariangela Melato.
• HAPPY CHRISTMAS, 1940
• REBECCA, 1940 (play)
• COME WIND, COME WEATHER, 1941
• FRENCHMAN'S CREEK, 1941 - Merirosvo ja kartanonrouva (suom. Raili Phan-Chan, 1968) - Film 1944, dir. by Mitchell Leisen, starring Joan Fontaine, Arturo de Cordova, Basil Rathbone, Nigel Bruce; 1998, TV film, prod. Carlton Television, dir. FerdinandFairfax, with Tara Fitzgerald, Anthony Delon and Tim Dutton.
• HUNGRY HILL, 1943 (film adaptation in 1947) - Neljänteen sukupolveen (suom. Maija-Liisa Virtanen, 1955) - Film 1947, prod. Two Cities Films, dir. Brian Desmond Hurst, screenplay Daphne du Maurier with Terence Young and Francis Crowdy, starring Margaret Lockwood, Dennis Price, Cecil Parker, Michael Denison.
• SPRING PICTURE, 1944
• THE YEARS BETWEEN, 1944 (play)
• LONDON AND PARIS, 1945
• THE YEARS BETWEEN, 1945 - Film: 1946, prod. Sydney Box Productions, dir. by Compton Bennett, starring Michael Redgrave, Valerie Hobson, Flora Robson, Felix Aylmer.
• THE KING'S GENERAL, 1946 
• SEPTEMBER TIDE, 1948 (play) - Films: 1950, TV movie, in Kraft Television Theatre, with Ruth Matteson and Robert Pastene; 1952, TV movie, in Kraft Television Theatre, with Robert Pastene and Esther Ralston; 1954, TV movie dir. Buzz Kulik, with Maureen O'Sullivan and John Sutton.
• SEPTEMBER TIDE, 1949
• THE PARASITES, 1949
• THE YOUNG GEORGE DU MAURIER, 1951 (ed.)
• MY COUSIN RACHEL, 1951 - Serkkuni Raakel (suom. Kyllikki Mäntylä, 1952) - Films: 1952, prod. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation, dir. by Henry Koster, script Nunnally Johnson. starring Olivia de Haviland, Richard Burton, Audrey Dalton, Ronald Squire; 1983, TV mini-series, prod. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), with Geraldine Chaplin, Christopher Guard and Jamie Cresswell.
• THE APPLE TREE: A SHORT NOVEL AND SEVERAL LONG STORIES, 1952 (includes The Birds; as Kiss Me Again, Stranger, 1953; The Birds and Other Stories, 1968) - Linnut ja muita kertomuksia (suom. Liisa Hakola, 3. p. 1975) / Kauhunkierre: viisi kertomusta (suom. Liisa Hakola, 1976) - Films: The Birds, TV film 1955, in Danger, adaptation James P. Cavanagh, with Betty Lou Holland, Michael Strong and Ian Tucker; The Birds, 1962, prod. Universal Pictures, Alfred J. Hitchcock Productions, dir. Alfred Hitchcock, script Evan Hunter, starring Rod Taylor, Tippi Hedren, Suzanne Pleshette, Jessica Tandy. Birds was slaughtered by Stanley Kauffman in the New Republic (April 13, 1963):"The script by Evan Hunter... is absolutely bereft of even the slick-magazine sophistication that Hitchcock's films usually have. The dialogue is stupid, the characters insufficiently developed to rank as cliches, the story incohesive... Suzanne Pleshette as a local schoolteacher is unobjectionable. The rest of the cast are offensively bad." - Kiss Me Again, Stranger, TV film 1953, in Suspense, dir. Robert Mulligan, adaptation James P. Cavanagh, with Maria Riva, Richard Waring and Esther Mitchell; Kiss Me Again, Stranger, TV film 1958, in Pursuit, dir. David Greene, with Mary Beth Hughes, Jeffrey Hunter and Myron McCormick; Kiss Me Again Stranger, TV movie 1974, in Rex Harrison Presents Stories of Love, dir. John Badham, Arnold Laven, with Rex Harrison, Bill Bixby and Lloyd Bochner.
• MARY ANNE, 1954 - Mary Anne (suom. Maija-Leena Reunanen, 1954)
• EARLY STORIES, 1954
• THE SCAPEGOAT, 1957 - Kaksoisolento (suom. Maija-Leena Reunanen, 1957) - Film 1958, prod. Du Maurier-Guinness, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, dir. Robert Hamer, script Gore Vidal, Robert Hamer, starring Bette Davis, Alec Guinness, Nicole Maurey, Irene Worth.
• THE BREAKING POINT, 1959 - Linnut ja muita kertomuksia (suom. Liisa Hakola, 3. p. 1975) / 
• THE INFERNAL WORLD OF BRANWELL BRONTË, 1960
• THE TREASURY OF DU MAURIER SHORT STORIES, 1960
• CASTLE D'OR, 1962 (with Arthur Quiller-Couch)
• THE GLASS BLOWERS, 1963
• THE FLIGHT OF THE FALCON, 1965 
• VANISHING CORNWALL, 1967
• THE HOUSE ON THE STRAND, 1969 
• NOT AFTER MIDNIGHT, 1971 (includes Don't Look Now) - Film: Don't Look Now, 1973, prod. Casey Productions, Eldorado Films, D.L.N. Ventures Partnership, dir. Nicolas Roeg, screenplay Allan Scott, Chris Bryant, starring Julie Christie, Donald Sutherland, Hilary Mason, Clelia Matania.
• RULE BRITANNIA, 1972 
• GOLDEN LADS, 1975
• THE BREAKTHROUGH, 1976 (television play)
• THE WINDING STAIR: FRANCIS BACON, HIS RISE AND FALL, 1976
• ECHOES FROM THE MACABRE, 1976
• GROWING PAINS: THE SHAPING OF A WRITER, 1977 (US title: Myself When Young, 1977)
• FOUR GREAT CORNISH NOVELS, 1978
• THE RENDEZVOUS, AND OTHER STORIES, 1980
• THE "REBECCA" NOTEBOOK, AND OTHER MEMORIES, 1981
• CLASSICS OF THE MACABRE, 1987
• MY COUSIN RACHEL, 1990 (play, ed. by Diana Morgan)
• ENCHANTED CORNWALL, 1992
• DAPHNE DU MAURIER: LETTERS FROM MENABILLY, 1994 (ed. by Oriel Malet)

http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/dumaurie.htm

Pinter made his playwriting debut in 1957 with The Room, presented in Bristol. Other early plays were The Birthday Party (1957), at first a fiasco of legendary dimensions but later one of his most performed plays, and The Dumb Waiter (1957). His conclusive breakthrough came with The Caretaker (1959), followed by The Homecoming (1964) and other plays.

Harold Pinter is generally seen as the foremost representative of British drama in the second half of the 20th century. That he occupies a position as a modern classic is illustrated by his name entering the language as an adjective used to describe a particular atmosphere and environment in drama: "Pinteresque".

Pinter restored theatre to its basic elements: an enclosed space and unpredictable dialogue, where people are at the mercy of each other and pretence crumbles. With a minimum of plot, drama emerges from the power struggle and hide-and-seek of interlocution. Pinter's drama was first perceived as a variation of absurd theatre, but has later more aptly been characterised as "comedy of menace", a genre where the writer allows us to eavesdrop on the play of domination and submission hidden in the most mundane of conversations. In a typical Pinter play, we meet people defending themselves against intrusion or their own impulses by entrenching themselves in a reduced and controlled existence. Another principal theme is the volatility and elusiveness of the past.

It is said of Harold Pinter that following an initial period of psychological realism he proceeded to a second, more lyrical phase with plays such as Landscape (1967) and Silence (1968) and finally to a third, political phase with One for the Road (1984), Mountain Language (1988), The New World Order (1991) and other plays. But this division into periods seems oversimplified and ignores some of his strongest writing, such as No Man's Land (1974) and Ashes to Ashes(1996). In fact, the continuity in his work is remarkable, and his political themes can be seen as a development of the early Pinter's analysing of threat and injustice.

Since 1973, Pinter has won recognition as a fighter for human rights, alongside his writing. He has often taken stands seen as controversial. Pinter has also written radio plays and screenplays for film and television. Among his best-known screenplays are those for The Servant (1963), The Accident (1967), The Go-Between (1971) and The French Lieutenant's Woman (1981, based on the John Fowles novel). Pinter has also made a pioneering contribution as a director.

This bibliography includes published works only.

Works in English 

1. Plays (year of writing; year of publication; year of first performance) 

The Room (1957). – in The Birthday Party, and Other Plays. – London : Methuen, 1960. – (Bristol, 1957) 

The Birthday Party (1957). – in The Birthday Party, and Other Plays. – London : Methuen, 1960. – (Arts Theatre, Cambridge, 28 April 1958) 

The Dumb Waiter (1957). – in The Birthday Party, and Other Plays. – London : Methuen, 1960. – (Kleines Haus, Frankfurt, February 1959) 

A Slight Ache (1958). – in A Slight Ache and Other Plays. – London : Methuen, 1961. – (Broadcast 1959) 

The Hothouse (1958). – in The Hothouse. – London : Eyre Methuen, 1980. – (Hampstead Theatre, London, 24 April 1980) 

The Caretaker (1959). – in The Caretaker. – London : Methuen, 1960. – (Arts Theatre, London, 27 April 1960) 

A Night Out (1959). – in Slight Ache and Other Plays. – London : Methuen, 1961. – (Broadcast on the BBC Third Programme, 1 March 1960) 

Night School (1960). – in Tea Party and Other Plays. – London : Methuen, 1967. – (Broadcast on Associated Rediffusion Television, 21 July 1960) 

The Dwarfs (1960). – in Slight Ache and Other Plays. – London : Methuen, 1961. – (Broadcast 1960; New Arts Theatre, London, 18 September 1963) 

The Collection (1961). – in The Collection. – London : French, 1963 (1962?) ; in TheCollection, and The Lover. – London : Methuen, 1963. – (Televised 1961) 

The Lover (1962). – in The Collection, and The Lover. – London : Methuen, 1963. – (Televised 1961) 

Tea Party (1964). – in Tea Party and Other Plays. – London : Methuen, 1967. – (Eastside Playhouse, New York, October 1968) 

The Homecoming (1964). – in The Homecoming. – London : Methuen, 1965. – (Aldwych Theatre, London, 3 June 1965) 

The Basement (1966). – in Tea Party and Other Plays. – London : Methuen, 1967. – (Televised 1967) 

Landscape (1967). – in Landscape. – London : Pendragon Press, 1968 ; in Landscape, and Silence. – London : Methuen, 1969. – (Broadcast 1968) 

Silence (1968). – in Landscape, and Silence. – London : Methuen, 1969. – (Aldwych Theatre, London, 2 July 1969) 

Old Times (1970). – in Old Times. – London : Methuen, 1971. – (Aldwych Theatre, London, 1 June 1971) 

Monologue (1972). – in Monologue. – London : Covent Garden Press, 1973. – (Televised on the BBC Television, 13 April 1973) 

No Man's Land (1974). – in No Man's Land. – London : Methuen, 1975. – (Old Vic, London 23 April, 1975) 

Betrayal (1978). – in Betrayal. – London : Eyre Methuen, 1978. – (National Theatre, London, November 1978) 

Family Voices (1980). – in Family Voices. – London : Next Editions, 1981. – (Broadcast on Radio 3, 22 January 1981) 

Other Places (1982). – in Other Places : Three Plays. – London : Methuen, 1982. – (Cottesloe Theatre, London, October 1982) 

A Kind of Alaska (1982). – in A Kind of Alaska. – London : French, 1982 ; in Other Places :Three Plays. – London : Methuen, 1982. – (Cottesloe Theatre, London, October 1982) 

Victoria Station (1982). – in Victoria Station. – London : French, 1982 ; in Other Places : Three Plays. – London : Methuen, 1982. – (Cottesloe Theatre, London, October 1982) 

One for the Road (1984). – in One for the Road. – London : Methuen, 1984. – (Lyric Theatre Studio, Hammersmith, March 1984) 

Mountain Language (1988). – in Mountain Language. – London : French, 1988 ; in MountainLanguage. – London : Faber, 1988. – (National Theatre, London, 20 October 1988) 

The New World Order (1991). – in Granta (no 37), Autumn 1991. – (Royal Court Theatre Upstairs, London, 19 July 1991) 

Party Time (1991). – in Party Time. – London : Faber, 1991. – (Almeida Theatre, London, 31 October 1991) 

Moonlight (1993). – in Moonlight. – London : Faber, 1993. – (Almeida Theatre, London, 7 September 1993) 

Ashes to Ashes (1996). – in Ashes to Ashes. – London : Faber, 1996. – (Royal Court at the Ambassadors Theatre, London, 12 September 1996) 

Celebration (1999). – in Celebration. – London : Faber, 2000. – (Almeida Theatre, London, 16 March 2000) 

Remembrance of Things Past (2000). – in Remembrance of Things Past. – London : Faber, 2000. – (Cottesloe Theatre, London, 23 November, 2000) 

2. Additional 

The Proust Screenplay : À la recherche du temps perdu / by Harold Pinter, with the collaboration of Joseph Losey and Barbara Bray. – New York : Grove Press, 1977 

Poems and Prose 1949 –1977. – London : Methuen, 1978 

The Dwarfs : a novel. – London : Faber, 1990 

Various Voices : Poetry, Prose, Politics, 1948–1998. – London : Faber, 1998 

Collected Screenplays. 1. – London : Faber, 2000. – Content : The Servant, The Pumpkin Eater, The Quiller Memorandum, The Accident, The Last Tycoon, Langrishe Go Down 

Collected Screenplays. 2. – London : Faber, 2000. – Content : The Go-Between ; The Proust Screenplay ; Victory ; Turtle Diary ; Reunion 

Collected Screenplays. 3. – London : Faber, 2000. – Content : The French Lieutenant's Woman ; The Heat of the Day ; The Comfort of Strangers ; The Trial ; The Dreaming Child 

The Disappeared and Other Poems. – London : Enitharmon, 2002 

Press Conference. – London : Faber, 2002 

War : [Eight Poems and One Speech]. – London : Faber, 2003 

Works in French 

C'était hier / traduit de l'anglais par Éric Kahane. – Paris: Gallimard, 1971. – Traduction de: Old Times 

No man's land ; suivi de Le monte plat ; Une petite douleur ; Paysage ; et de Dix sketches /adaptation française d'Éric Kahane. – Paris: Gallimard, 1979 

La collection ; suivi de L'amant ; et de Le gardien / trad. de l'anglais par Éric Kahane. – Paris: Gallimard, 1984. – Traduction de: The Collection ; The Lover ; The Caretaker 

L'anniversaire / trad. de l'anglais par Éric Kahane. – Paris: Gallimard, 1985. – Traduction de: The Birthday Party 

Le retour / trad. de l'anglais par Éric Kahane. – Paris: Gallimard, 1985. – Traduction de: The Homecoming 

Trahisons ; suivi de Hothouse ; Un pour la route: et autres pièces / adapt. française d'Éric Kahane. – Paris: Gallimard, 1987 

La lune se couche ; suivi de Ashes to Ashes ; Langue de la montagne ; Une soirée entre amis: et autres textes / trad. de l'anglais par Éric Kahane. – Paris: Gallimard, 1998 

Les nains : roman / trad. de l'anglais par Alain Delahaye. – Paris: Gallimard, 2000. – Traduction de: The Dwarfs 

Autres voix : prose, poésie, politique, 1948–1998 / trad. de l'anglais par Jean Pavans, Isabelle D. Philippe et Natalie Zimmermann. – Montricher: Éd. Noir sur blanc, 2001. – Traduction de: Various Voices 

La guerre / trad. de l'anglais par Jean Pavans. – Paris: Gallimard, 2003. – Traduction de: War 

Célébration ; La chambre / trad. de l'anglais par Jean Pavans. – Paris: Gallimard, 2003 

Le scénario Proust : À la recherche du temps perdu / by Harold Pinter avec la collaboration de Joseph Losey et Barbara Bray ; trad. de l'anglais par Jean Pavans. - Paris : Gallimard, 2003. - Traduction de: The Proust Screenplay : À la recherche du temps perdu 

Works in Swedish 

Apart from anthologies no work by Harold Pinter has yet been published in book form in Swedish. 

Works in German 

Tiefparterre / Neu durchges. Fassung nach d. Übers. von Willy H. Thiem. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt, 1967. – Originaltitel : The Basement 

Teegesellschaft / nach d. Übers. von Willy H. Thiem, d. Bühnen gegenüber Ms. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt, 1968. – Originaltitel: Tea Party 

Dramen / Neu durchges. Fassung nach d. Übers. von Willy H. Thiem u.a. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt, 1970 

Alte Zeiten ; Landschaft ; Schweigen : 3 Theaterstücke / Dt. von Renate u. Martin Esslin. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt, 1972 

Betrogen / Dt. von H. M. Ledig-Rowohlt. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt, 1978. – Originaltitel : Betrayal 

Das Treibhaus / Dt. von Heinrich Maria Ledig-Rowohlt. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt, 1980. – Originaltitel: The Hothouse 

Der stumme Diener : ausgew. Dramen / Übers. aus d. Engl. von Willy H. Thiem ... Ausw. u. Nachw. von Klaus Köhler. – Leipzig : Insel-Verlag, 1981 

Familienstimmen / Dt. von Heinrich Maria Ledig-Rowohlt. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt-Theater-Verlag, 1981. – Originaltitel: Family Voices 

Einen für unterwegs / Dt. von Heinrich Maria Ledig-Rowohlt. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt-Theater-Verlag, 1984. – Originaltitel: One For the Road 

Genau / Dt. von Heinrich Maria Ledig-Rowohlt. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt, Theater-Verlag, 1986. – Originaltitel: Precisely 

An anderen Orten : 5 neue Kurzdramen / Dt. von Heinrich Maria Ledig-Rowohlt. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt, 1988 

Die Geburtstagsfeier ; Der Hausmeister ; Die Heimkehr ; Betrogen. – Nach den Übers. von Willy H. Thiem. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt, 1990 

Die Zwerge : Roman / Dt. von Johanna Walser und Martin Walser. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt, 1994. – Originaltitel : The Dwarfs 

Mondlicht und andere Stücke. – Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt-Taschenbuch-Verl., 2000 

Krieg / Aus dem Engl. von Elisabeth Plessen und Peter Zadek. – Hamburg : Rogner und Bernhard bei Zweitausendeins, 2003. – Originaltitel : War 

Literature (a selection) 

Hayman, Ronald, Harold Pinter. – London : Heinemann, 1968 

Esslin, Martin, The Peopled Wound : the Plays of Harold Pinter – London : Methuen, 1970 

Hollis, James Russell, Harold Pinter : the Poetics of Silence. – Carbondale, Ill. : Southern Ill. U.P., 1970 

Hinchliffe, Arnold P., Harold Pinter. – Boston : Twayne, 1981 

Dukore, Bernard Frank, Harold Pinter. – London : Macmillan, 1982 

Harold Pinter : You Never Heard Such Silence / edited by Alan Bold. – London : Vision, 1985 

Harold Pinter : Critical Approaches / edited by Steven H. Gale. – Rutherford : Fairleigh Dickinson Univ. Press, 1986 

Harold Pinter / edited and with an introduction by Harold Bloom. – New York : Chelsea House Publishers, 1987 

The Pinter Review : Annual Essays / edited by Francis Gillen and Steven H. Gale. – Tampa, Fla : University of Tampa, 1987 – 

Merritt, Susan Hollis, Pinter in Play : Critical Strategies and the Plays of Harold Pinter. – Durham : Duke University Press, 1990 

Esslin, Martin, Pinter the Playwright. – London : Methuen, 1992 

Gussow, Mel, Conversations with Pinter. – New York : Limelight Editions, 1994 

Knowles, Ronald, Understanding Harold Pinter. – Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina Press, 1995 

Regal, Martin S., Harold Pinter : a Question of Timing. – London : Macmillan, 1995 

Billington, Michael, The Life and Work of Harold Pinter. – London : Faber, 1996 

Jalote, Shri Ranjan, The Plays of Harold Pinter : a Study in Neurotic Anxiety. – New Delhi : Harman, 1996 

Peacock, D. Keith, Harold Pinter and the New British Theatre. – Westport, Conn. : Greenwood Press, 1997 

Harold Pinter : a Celebration / introduced by Richard Eyre. – London : Faber, 2000 

Prentice, Penelope, The Pinter Ethic : the Erotic Aesthetic. – New York : Garland, 2000 

Pinter at 70 : a Caseboook / edited by Lois Gordon. – New York : Routledge, 2001 

Gale, Steven H., Sharp Cut : Harold Pinter's Screenplays and the Artistic Process. – Lexington : University Press of Kentucky, cop. 2003 

The Art of Crime : the Plays and Films of Harold Pinter and David Mamet / edited by Leslie Kane. – New York : Routledge, 2004 

Smith, Ian, Pinter in the Theatre. – London : Nick Hern, 2005. – New York : Routledge, 2004 

Baker, William, & Ross, John C., Harold Pinter : a Bibliographical History. – London : The British Library ; New Castle, DE : Oak Knoll Press, 2005 

Batty, Mark, About Pinter : the Playwright and the Work. – London : Faber, 2005 

The Swedish Academy
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/2005/pinter-bio-bibl.html

"I don't know how music can influence writing, but it has been very important for me, both jazz and classical music. I feel a sense of music continually in writing, which is a different matter from having been influenced by it." (Harold Pinter in Playwrights at Work, ed. by George Plimpton, 2000)

 

ASTON - You said you wanted me to get you up. 

DAVIES - What for? 

ASTON - You said you were thinking of going to Sidcup. 

DAVIES - Ay, that'd be a good thing, if I got there. 

ASTON - Doesn't look like much of a day. 

DAVIES - Ay, well, that's shot it, en't it? 

(from The Caretaker)

For further reading 

Kafka and Pinter by Raymond Armstrong (1999); The Life and Work of Harold Pinter by Michael Billington (1997); Harold Pinter and the New British Theatre by D. Keith Peacock (1997); Harold Pinter: A Question of Timing by Martin S. Regal (1995); The Pinter Ethic by Penelope Prentice (1994); Harold Pinter and the Language of Cultural Power by Marc Silverstein (1993); Harold Pinter by Chittanranjan Misra (1993); Critical Essays on Harold Pinter by Steven H. Gale (1990); Pinter in Play by Susan Hollis Merritt (1990); Harold Pinter by Volker Strunk (1989); Pinter's Female Portraits by Elizabeth Sakellaridou (1988);Harold Pinter, ed. by Stephen H. Gale (1986); Making Pictures by Joanne Klein (1985); Harold Pinter, ed. by Alan Bold (1985); The Dream Structure of Pinter's Plays by Lucina Paquet Gabard (1977); Harold Pinter by R. Hayman (1975); The Dramatic World of Harold Pinter by Jatherine H. Burkman (1971); Harold Pinter by W. Kerr (1968); Harold Pinter by W. Baker and S.E. Tabachnik (1973); Theatre and Anti-Theatre by R. Hayman (1979); The Peopled Wound by Martin Esslin (1970); Anger and After by J.R. Taylor (1969) - see also The Pinter Review, ed. by Francis X. Gillen, Steven H- Gale

• The Room, 1957 - Huone (suom. Auli Tarkka, 1963) - TV film 1961 (ITV Television Playhouse), dir. Alvin Rakoff; Rommet, TV film 1968, dir. Lars Löfgren
• The Birthday Party, 1957 - Syntymäpäiväjuhlat (suom. Terttu Savola, 1971) - Die Geburtstagsfeier, TV play 1961, prod. Tribüne Berlin, dir. Wolfgang Spier; Het Verjaardagsfeest, TV drama 1966, prod. Belgische Radio en Televisie (BRT), dir. Ton Lensink; The Birthday Party, prod. American Broadcasting Company (ABC), dir. William Friedkin, starring Robert Shaw, Patrick Magee, Dandy Nichols; TV film 1986, dir. Kenneth Ives
• The Black and White 
• Trouble in the Works, 1959
• One to Another, 1959
• A Slight Ache, 1959 
• Pieces of Eight, 1959 (includes Last to Go, Request Stop, Special Offer) 
• The Applicant, 1959 - Paikanhakija (suom. Terttu Savola, 1963)
• The Dumb Waiter, 1960 De Dienstlift, TV film 1969, prod. Belgische Radio en Televisie (BRT), dir. Luc Philips; The Dumb Waiter, TV film 1985, prod. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), dir. Kenneth Ives; Bez pogovora, TV film 1999, prod. Radiotelevizija Beograd (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia), dir. Slobodan Z. Jovanovic
• The Caretaker, 1960 - Talonmies (suom. Kurt Nuotio, 1963) - film adaptations: 1963, dir. by Clive Donner, starring Alan Bates, Robert Shaw, Donald Pleasence (two brothers, Aston and Mick, invite a revolting tramp, Mac, to share their attic.); Viceværten, TV play 1971, prod. Danmarks Radio (DR), dir. Palle Wolfsberg; De Huisbewaarder, TV film 1984, prod. ARCA-N.E.T. Theater aan de Lieve, dir. Vincent Rouffaer, Walter Tillemans; Le Gardien, TV film 1984, dir. Yves-André Hubert, adapation Eric Kahane; Fastighetsskötaren, TV film 2004, prod. SVT Drama, dir. Thommy Berggren
• A Night Out, 1960 
• The Dwarfs, 1960 (from his novel)
• Night School, 1961
• The Collection, 1961 - Muotinäytös (suom. Seppo Virtanen, 1964; Juha Siltanen, 2004) - film adaptations: Muotinäytös, TV play 1962, prod. Yleisradio (YLE), dir. Seppo Wallin; Kollektionen, TV play 1962, prod. Danmarks Radio (DR), dir. Palle Kjærulff-Schmidt; Kollektionen, TV play 1962, dir. Bengt Lagerkvist; De modeshow, 1969, prod. Belgische Radio en Televisie (BRT), dir. Kris Betz; The Collection, TV film 1976, prod. Granada Television, dir. Michael Apted, starring Laurence Olivier, Alan Bates, Malcolm McDowell, Helen Mirren
• One To Another, 1961 (with J. Mortimer, N.F. Simpson)
• A Slight Ache and Other Plays, 1961
• The Lover, 1963 - Rakastaja (suom. Juha Siltanen, 1991) - TV play 1963, prod. Associated-Rediffusion Television, dir. Joan Kemp-Welch; Elskeren, TV play 1964, prod. Danmarks Radio (DR), dir. Palle Kjærulff-Schmidt; Älskaren, TV play 1964, dir. Bengt Lagerkvist, cast: Gerd Hagman, Curt Masreliez, Eric Stolpe
• The Servant, 1963 (screenplay from R. Maugham's novel) - film 1963, prod. Springbok Productions, dir. Joseph Losey, starring Dirk Bogarde, Sarah Miles, James Fox, Wendy Craig
• The Pumpkin Eater, 1964 (screenplay from P. Mortimer's novel) - film prod. Romulus Films, dir. Jack Clayton, starring Anne Bancroft, Peter Finch, James Mason
• The Homecoming, 1965 - Kotiinpaluu (suom. Seppo Loponen, 1965) - film 1973, prod. Cinévision Ltée, dir. Peter Hall, screenplay Harold Pinter
• Tea Party, 1965 - film adaptations: Teekutsut, TV play 1965, prod. Yleisradio (YLE), dir. Seppo Wallin; En kopp te, TV play 1965, dir. Håkan Ersgård; Tea Party, 1965, prod. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), dir. Charles Jarrott
• The Quiller Memorandum, 1966 (screenplay from Adam Hall's The Berlin Memorandum) - film prod. Ivan Foxwell Productions, dir. Michael Anderson, starring George Segal, Alec Guinness, Max von Sydow, Senta Berger, George Sanders
• The Party and Other Plays, 1967
• Accident, 1967 (screenplay from N. Mosley's novel) - film prod. by Royal Avenue Chelsea, dir. Joseph Losey, starring Dirk Bogarde, Stanley Baker, Jacqueline Sassard, Michael York, Vivien Merchant
• New Poems, 1997 (ed.)
• A PEN Anthology, 1967 (ed. with J. Fuller, P. Redgrave)
• Poems, 1968
• Mac, 1968
• Landscape, 1968
• Silence, 1969
• Night, 1969 - Yö (suom. Lauri Sipari, 1987)
• The Go-Between, 1970 (screenplay from L.P. Hartley's novel) - film prod. by EMI Films, dir. Joseph Losey, starring Julie Christie, Alan Bates, Michael Redgrave, Dominic Guard, Edward Fox
• Old Times, 1971 - Silloin ennen (suom. Liisa Ryömä, 1971; Juha Siltanen, 1997) - Gamle dage, TV drama 1974, prod. Danmarks Radio (DR), dir. Søren Melson; TV film 1991, prod. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), dir. Simon Curtis, starring John Malkovich, Kate Nelligan, Miranda Richardson
• Monologue, 1973
• The Proust Screenplay, 1977 (with B. Bray, J. Losey)
• No Man's Land, 1975 - TV film 1978, prod. BBC Four, starring John Gielgud, Ralph Richardson, Michael Kitchen, Terence Rigby; Niemandsland, TV film 1978, dir. Hans Lietzau, Heribert Wenk
• The Last Tycoon, 1976 (screenplay, from F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel) - film prod. by Academy Pictures Corporation, dir. Elia Kazan, starring Robert De Niro, Tony Curtis, Jeanne Moreau, Robert Mitchum, Jack Nicholson, Donald Pleasence, Ray Milland, Dana Andrews
• Betrayal, 1978 - Petos (suom. Lauri Sipari, 1990) - film 1983, prod. Horizon Pictures (II), dir. David Hugh Jones, starring Jeremy Irons, Ben Kingsley, Patricia Hodge, Avril Elgar
• Poems and Prose 1941-1977, 1978
• Langrishe, Go Dowm, 1978 (from A. Higgins)
• I Know thew Place, 1979
• The Hothouse, 1980 
• Family Voices, 1981
• The French Lieutenant's Woman, 1981 (screenplay from J. Fowles's novel) - film prod. Juniper Films, dir. Karel Reisz, starring Meryl Streep, Jeremy Irons, Hilton McRae, Emily Morgan
• A Kind of Alaska, 1982 
• The French Lieutenant's Woman and Other Screenplays, 1982
• Other Places, 1982
• Victoria Station, 1982 - Victoria Station (suom. Juha Siltanen, 1986) - short film 2003, prod. Swanny Productions, dir. Douglas Hodge
• The Big One, 1983
• Players, 1983
• One for the Road, 1984 
• Players, 1985
• Turtle Diary, 1985 (screenplay, from Russell Hoban's novel) - film dir. John Irvin, starring Glenda Jackson, Ben Kingsley, Richard Johnson, Michael Gambon (Harold Pinter does a cameo as a bookstore customer)
• 100 Poems by 100 Poets, 1986 (ed. with A. Astbury, G. Godbert)
• Mountain Language, 1988 - Vuoristokieli (suom. Michael Baran, 1993)
• Heat of the Day, 1989 (screenplay, from E. Bowen's novel) - film dir. by Christopher Motahan, starring Patricia Hodge, Michael Gambon, Michael York
• Reunion, 1989 (script, from Fred Uhlman's story) - film prod. Arbo, dir. by Jerry Schatzberg, starring Jason Robards, Christien Anholt, Samuel W est
• The Comfort of Strangers and Other Screenplays, 1990
• The Comfort of Strangers, 1990 (screenplay, from Ian McEwan's novel) - film prod. Erre Produzioni, dir. Paul Schrader, starring Christopher Walken, Rupert Everett, Natasha Richardson, Helen Mirren
• Victory, 1990 (from J. Conrad's novel)
• The Handmaid's Tale, 1990 (screenplay from M. Atwood's novel) - film prod. Bioskop Film, dir. Volker Schlöndorff, starring Natasha Richardson, Faye Dunaway, Aidan Quinn, Elizabeth McGovern, Robert Duvall, Victoria Tennant, Blanche Baker
• The Dwarfs, 1990
• Complete Works, 1990
• Party Time, 1991
• Plays, 1991
• The Trial, 1991 (adaptation, from F. Kafka's novel) - film prod. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), dir. David Hugh Jones, starring Kyle MacLachlan, Anthony Hopkins, Jason Robards, Juliet Stevenson
• Ten Early Poems, 1992
• Moonlight, 1993 - Kuun valo (suom. Kristiina Lyytinen, 1994)
• Pinter At Sixty, 1993 (ed. by K.H. Burkman, J.L. Kundert-Gibbs)
• 99 Poems in Translation, 1994 (ed. with A. Astbury, G.Godbert)
• Party Time, 1994
• Ashes to Ashes, 1996
• Various Voices: Prose, Poetry, Politics 1948-1998, 1999
• Celebration, 1999
• Collected Screenplays 1-2, 2000
• Celebration & The Room, 2000
• adaptation: Remembrance of Things Past by Marcel Proust, 2000 (with Di Trevis)
• War, 2003
• Death etc., 2005
• Sleuth, 2007 (screenplay, from Anthony Shaffer's play) - film prod. Sony Pictures Classics, dir. Kenneth Branagh, starring Michael Caine, Jude Law
  
  http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/hpinter.htm
  
  
  
  

Anton Chekhov

Russian playwright and one of the great masters of modern short story. In his work Chekhov combined the dispassionate attitude of a scientist and doctor with the sensitivity and psychological understanding of an artist. Chekhov portrayed often life in the Russian small towns, where tragic events occur in a minor key, as a part of everyday texture of life. His characters are passive by-standers in regard to their lives, filled with the feeling of hopelessness and the fruitlessness of all efforts. "What difference does it make?" says Chebutykin in Three Sisters.

"There is not, or there hardly is, a single Russian gentleman or university man who does not boast of his past. The present is always worse than the past. Why? Because Russian excitability has one specific characteristic: it is quickly followed by exhaustion" (in Letters on the Short Story, the Drama and other Literary Topics, 1924)

Anton Chekhov in 1893

The failure of his play The Wood Demon (1889) and problems with his novel made Chekhov to withdraw from literature for a period. In 1890 he travelled across Siberia to remote prison island, Sakhalin. There he conducted a detailed census of some 10,000 convicts and settlers condemned to live their lives on that harsh island. Chekhov hoped to use the results of his research for his doctoral dissertation. It is probable that hard conditions on the island also worsened his own physical condition. From this journey was born his famous travel book The Island: A Journey to Sakhalin (1893-94). Chekhov returned to Russia via Singapore, India, Ceylon, and the Suez Canal. From 1892 to 1899 Chekhov worked in Melikhovo, and in Yalta from 1899.

Chekhov and Olga, 1901, on honeymoon

"My life is tedious, dull, monotonous, because I am a painter, a queer fish, and have been worried all my life with envy, discontent, disbelief in my work: I am always poor, I am a vagabond, but you are a wealthy, normal man, a landowner, a gentleman - why do you live so tamely and take so little from life?" (from The House with the Mezzanine, 1986)

Chekhov with Leo Tolstoy at Yalta, 1900

In these three famous plays Chekhov blended humor and tragedy. He left much room for imagination - his plays as well as his stories are in opposition to the concept of an artist as a mouthpiece of political change or social message. However, in his late years Chekhov supported morally the young experimental director, Vsevolod Meyerhold, who hoped to establish a revolutionary theater. Usually in Chekhov's dramas surprise and tension are not key elements, the dramatic movement is subdued, his characters do not fight, they endure their fate with patience. But in the process they perhaps discover something about themselves and their monotonous life.

"Man has been endowed with reason, with the power to create, so that he can add to what he's been given. But up to now he hasn't been a creator, only a destroyer. Forests keep disappearing, rivers dry up, wild life's become extinct, the climate's ruined and the land grows poorer and uglier every day." (from Uncle Vanya, 1897) - "When a woman isn't beautiful, people always say, 'You have lovely eyes, you have lovely hair'." (in Uncle Vanya)

Chekhov's brother Aleksandr, who married the author's mistress Natalia Golden, had problems with alcohol. His son Mihail moved in the 1920s first to Germany and then in the United States, where he worked as a teacher of acting and acted among others in Alfred Hitchcock's Spellbound (1945). It has been said that during WW II the German army saved Chekhov's house in Yalta because Mihail's wife Olga, whose aunt was married to Chekhov, had been photographed with Adolf Hitler and Hermann Göring. She also was a Soviet agent and knew Stalin.

For further reading 

Anton Chekhov: A Critical Study by William Gerhardie (1923); Chekhov by R. Hingley (1950); Chekhov: A Life by David Magarshack (1952); Anton Chekhov by Walter Horace Bruford (1957), Chekhov: A Biography by Ernest J. Simmons (1962); Anton Chekhov's Life and Thought by M.H. Heim (1975); A New Life of Anton Chekhov by Ronald Hingley (1976); Chekhov: A Study of the Major Stories and Plays by Beverly Hahn (1977); Chekhov: The Critical Heritage, ed. by Viktor Emeljanow (1981); Anton Chekhov by Irina Kirk (1981); Chekhov: A Study of the Four Major Plays by Richard Peace (1983); A Chekhov Companion, ed. by Toby W. Clayman (1985); Anton Chekhov: A Reference Guide to Literature by K.A. Lantz (1985); Anton Chekhov by Laurence Senelick (1985); Chekhov on Women by Carolina de Maegd-Soëp (1987); 'The Cherry Orchard': A Catastrophe and Comedy by Donald Rayfield (1994); Chekhov's 'Three Sisters' by Gordon McVay (1995); Chekhov's 'Uncle Vanya' and 'The Wood Demon' by Donald Rayfield (1995); Anton Chekhov: A Life by Donald Rayfield (1997); Understanding Chekhov by Donald Rayfield (1998); Reading Chekhov: A Critical Journey by Janet Malcolm (2001); If Only We Could Know: An Interpretation of Chekhov by Vladimir Kataev (2002); Memories of Chekhov, ed. Peter Sekirin (2011) 

SELECTED WORKS

• Platonov, 1878/81 (play, published 1923)
  - That Worthless Fellow Platonov (tr. John Cournos, 1930) / Don Juan in the Russian Manner (tr. B. Ashmore, 1953) / Platonov: A Play in Four Acts and Five Scenes (tr. David Magarshack, 1964) / Platonov (tr. Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 2, 1967)
  - Platonov (suom. Annikki Laaksi, 1966) / Isättömyys eli Platonov (suom. Esa Adrian, 1983)
  - FILM: 1977, Neokonchennaya pyesa dlya mekhanicheskogo pianino / Unfinished Piece for Mechanical Piano, dir. by Nikita Mikhalkov
• Nenuzhnaya pobeda, 1882
  - A Useless Victory (translated by Lionel Britton)
  - Turha voitto (suom. Vilho Elomaa, 1919)
• Na bolshoi doroge, 1884 (play, performance forbidden by censor in 1885, adapted from the short story 'In the Autumn') - On the Highway (tr. D. Modell, in Drama VI, 22, 1916) / On the High Road (tr. Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 1, 1968) / Along the Highway (tr. Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
• 'Khameleon', 1884
  - A Chameleon (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Cook's Wedding and Other Stories, 1922) / Chameleon (tr. in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979)
• 'Ustritsy', 1884
  - Oysters (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Cook's Wedding and Other Stories, 1922; Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979)
• 'Drama na okhote', 1884-85
  - The Shooting Party (translators: A.E. Chamot; Ronald Wilks) / The Huntsman (tr. in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
• 'Zhivaya Khronologiya', 1885
  - A Living Chronology (in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979)
• O vrede tabaka: Stsena monolog, 1886-1903 (play, published 1903)
  - On the Harmfulness of Tobacco (tr. Constance Garnett, in Plays, 1935; S. Koteliansky, in Plays and Stories of Tchehoff, 1937) / Smoking is Bad for You (tr. Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov, 1968) / On the Injurious Effects of Tobacco (tr. Eugene K. Bristow, in Plays, 1977) / The Evils of Tobacco (tr. Michael Frayn, in Chekhov: Plays, 1993; Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006) / The Dangers of Tobacco (tr. Paul Schmidt, in 7 Short Farces by Anton Chekhov, 1998)
• 'Toska', 1886
  - Misery (tr. in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979)
• 'Van'ka', 1886
  - Vanka (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Cook's Wedding and Other Stories, 1922; Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
  - Vanjka (suom. L. Helo, 1937)
• 'Panikhida', 1886
  - The Requiem (tr. in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979)
• 'Mal'ciki,' 1886
  - Boys (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Cook's Wedding and Other Stories, 1922)
  - Pojat (suom. Kerttu Kyhälä-Juntunen, 1978)
• 'Kashtanka', 1887
  - Kashtanka (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Cook's Wedding and Other Stories, 1922)
  - Kashtanka (suom. L. Helo, teoksessa Kertomuksia, 1935; E. Pastak, 1936; Matti Lehmonen, teoksessa Valittuja, 1945; Eila Salminen, teoksessa Koiramaisia juttuja, 1980)
• Ivanov, 1887 (play, rev. ed. 1889; in P'esy, 1897)
  - Ivanov (tr: E. Winer, in Makers of the Modern Theatre, 1961; Ariadne Nicolaeff, 1966; Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 2, 1967; Karl Kramer and Margaret Booker, in Chekhov's Major Plays, 1997; Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
  - Ivanov (suom. Esa Adrian, 1983)
• Lebedinaia pesnia, 1887 (play, adapted from the short story 'Kalkhas', in P'esy, 1897)
  - The Swan Song (tr. M. Fell, in Repertory, 1960; Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 1, 1968; Michael Frayn, in Chekhov: Plays, 1993; Paul Schmidt, in The Plays of Anton Chekhov, 1997; Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
  - Joutsenlaulu (suom. Markku Lahtela, 1962)
  - FILM: 1992, dir. by Kenneth Branagh, starring John Gielgud
• 'Step', 1888
  - The Steppe (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Bishop and Other Stories, 1919; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Complete Short Novels, 2005)
  - Aro ja muita novelleja (suom. Ulla-Liisa Heino, 1970)
• 'Ogni', 1888
  - Lights (tr. Constance Garnett, in Love and Other Stories, 1923)
  - Tuulet (suom. Ulla-Liisa Heino, Mestarinovelleja I, 1975)
• 'Nepriyatnost', 1888
  - An Unpleasantness (tr. Avrahm Yarmolinsky, in The Unknown Chekhov: Stories and Other Writings Hitherto Untranslated, 1954)
  - Nolo tapaus (suom. Marja Koskinen, Mestarinovelleja I, 1975)
• Medved', 1888 (play)
  - The Boor (tr. H. Bankhage, 1915) / The Bear (tr. B. Clark, in Thirty One-Act Plays, 1943; Elisaveta Fen, in The Seagull, and Other Plays, 1954; Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 1, 1968; Michael Frayn, in Chekhov: Plays, 1993; Paul Schmidt, in The Plays of Anton Chekhov, 1997; Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
  - Karhu: pila yhdessä näytöksessä (suomentanut R. W. S., 1908) / Karhu (suom. Jalo Kalima, 1952)
  - FILMS: 1938, dir. by Isidor Annensky; 1961, dir. by Martin Fric; 1996, The Boor, dir. by Ian Thompson; 2000, Speed for Thespians, dir. by Kalman Apple
• 'Skuchnaia istoriia', 1889
  - A Tiresome Story (tr. Robert Edward Crozier Long, et al., in Rothschild's Fiddle and Other Stories, 1917) / A Boring Story (tr. Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
  - Ikävä tarina (suom. L. Grönlund & V. Levänen, Novelleja, 1960) / Ikävä tapaus (suom. Juhani Konkka, Valitut novellit, 1960) / Ikävä tarina (suom. Ulla-Liisa Heino, Mestarinovelleja I, 1975)
• Tatiana Repina, 1889 (play)
  - Tatyana Repin (tr. Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 1, 1968) / Tatyana Repina (tr. Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
• Predlozhenie, 1889 (play)
  - A Marriage Proposal (tr. H. Baukhage and B. Clark, 1914; P. Wayne, in One-Act Comedies, 1935) / The Marriage Proposal (tr. Paula Caywood, 1997) / The Proposal (tr. Elisaveta Fen, in The Seagull, and Other Plays, 1954; Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 1, 1968; Paul Schmidt; Michael Frayn, in Chekhov: Plays, 1993; Paul Schmidt, in The Plays of Anton Chekhov, 1997; Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
  - Kosinta (suom. Reino Silva, 1908; Jalo Kalima, 1950; Markku Lahtela, 1970)
• Svabda, 1889 (play, published 1902)
  - The Wedding (tr. Julius West, in Plays, 1916; Constance Garnett, in Plays, 1929; Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 1, 1968; Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006) / The Wedding Reception (tr. Paul Schmidt, in The Plays of Anton Chekhov, 1997)
  - Häät (suom. Markku Lahtela, 1962)
• Leshii, 1889 (play, early version of Dyadyat Vanya)
  - The Wood-Demon (tr. Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 3, 1964) / The Wood Goblin (tr. Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
  - Metsähiisi (suom. Markku Lahtela, 1971; Esa Adrian, 1983)
• Tragic ponevole, 1890 (play)
  - A Tragedian in Spite of Himself (tr. Julius West, in Plays, 1916) / A Tragic Role (tr. Ronald Hingley, in the Oxford Chekhov, 1968) / A Reluctant Tragic Hero (Paul Schmidt, in The Plays of Anton Chekhov, 1997) / An Involuntary Tragedian (tr. Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
• Noch' pered sudom, ca. 1891 (unfinished play, publ. 1914, based on a short story with the same title)
  - The Night Before the Trial (tr. Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 1, 1968)
  - Yö ennen oikeudenkäyntiä (suom. Markku Lahtela)
• 'Duel', 1891
  - The Duel (tr. Constance Garnett; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Complete Short Novels, 2005)
  - Kaksintaistelu (suom. Emil Mannstén, 1921; Juhani Konkka, 1960; Ulla-Liisa Heino, Mestarinovelleja I, 1975; teoksessa Vaimoni ja muita novelleja, 1978)
• 'Poprygun'ia', 1892
  - The Grasshopper (tr. A. E. Chamot, 1926; David Magarshack, in The Lady with a Lapdog, 1964; Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979)
  - Hepsakka (suom. Reino Silvanto & Erkki Valkeila, 1957)
• Iubilei, 1892 (play, based on the short story 'A Helpless Creature', revised 1902)
  - The Jubilee (tr. O. Murphy, in Poets Lore 31, 1920) / A Jubilee (tr. Elisaveta Fen, in The Seagull, and Other Plays, 1954); / The Anniversary (tr. C.E.B. Roberts, in Five Russian Plays with One from the Ukrainian, 1916; Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 1, 1968; Sergius Pomonorov, edited William-Alan Landes, 1992) / The Festivities (tr. Paul Schmidt, in The Plays of Anton Chekhov, 1997) / The Celebration (tr. Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
  - Riemujuhla (suom. Reino Silvanto, 1914; Markku Lahtela, 1970)
• 'V ssylke', 1892
  - In Exile (tr. in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979)
• 'Palata No. 6', 1892
  - Ward No. 6 (translators: Robert Edward Crozier Long, in The Black Monk and Other Stories, 1915; Constance Garnett, in The Horse-Stealers and Other Stories, 1921; David Magarshack, in The Lady with a Lapdog, 1964; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000) / Ward Number Six (tr. Ronald Hingley, 1999)
  - Lääkärin kohtalo eli sairaala n:o 6 (suom. Emil Mannstén, 1900) / Kuudes osasto (suom. Vilho Elomaa, 1921) / Sairashuone n:o 6 (suom. V. Levänen, 1957) / Sali n:o 6 (suom. Juhani Konkka, Valitut novellit, 1960)
  - FILMS: 1974, Krankensaal 6, dir. by Karl Fruchtmann1978; Paviljon VI, dir. by Lucian Pintilie
• Ostrov Sakhalin, 1893
  - The Island: A Journey to Sakhalin (tr. Luba and Michael Terpak, 1967)
  - Sahalin (suom. Valdemar Melanko, 1972)
• 'Rasskaz neizvestnovo cheloveka', 1893
  - The Story of an Unknown Man (tr. Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Complete Short Novels, 2005)
  - Tuntemattoman tarina (suom. Marja Koskinen, teoksessa Tuntemattoman tarina ja muita novelleja, 1971; teoksessa Mestarinovelleja I, 1975)
• 'V rozhdestvenskyu noch', 1883
  - At Christmas Time (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Witch and Other Stories, 1918) / At Christmastime (tr. in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979)
• 'Bab'e tsarstvo', 1893
  - A Woman's Kingdom (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Party and Other Stories, 1921)
  - Naisten kuningaskunta (suom. Ulla-Liisa Heino, Mestarinovelleja II, 1975)
• 'Chernyi monakh', 1894
  - The Black Monk (tr. R. E. C. Long, in Rothschild's Fiddle and Other Stories, 1917; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
  - Musta munkki (suom. Juhani Konkka, Valitut novellit, 1960)
• 'Skripka Rotshil’da', 1894
  - Rothschild's Fiddle (tr. R. E. C. Long et al., in Rothschild's Fiddle and Other Stories, 1917; Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
  - Rothschildin viulu (suom.: L. Holm, teoksessa Novelleja, 1960; Vaimoni ja muita novelleja, 1978)
• 'Uchitel slovenosti', 1894
  - The Teacher of Literature (tr. in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979)
  - Kielen ja kirjallisuuden opettaja (suom. L. Holm, Novelleja, 1960) / Kirjallisuuden lehtori (suom. Juhani Konkka, Valitut novellit, 1960)
• 'Student', 1894
  - The Student (tr. in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
  - Ylioppilas (suom. Vaimoni ja muita kertomuksia, 1978)
• 'Tri goda', 1895
  - Three Years (tr. Roze Prokofeva, 1961; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Complete Short Novels, 2005)
  - Kolme vuotta (suom. Ulla-Liisa Heino, Mestarinovelleja II, 1975)
• 'Ubijstvo', 1895
  - The Murder (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Bishop and Other Stories, 1919)
  - Tappo (suom. Marja Koskinen, Mestarinovelleja II, 1975)
• 'Ariadna', 1895
  - Ariadne (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Darling and Other Stories, 1916; David Magarshack, in The Lady with a Lapdog, 1964)
  - Ariadna (suom. Marja Koskinen, Mestarinovelleja II, 1975)
• 'Moya zhizh', 1895
  - My Life (tr. S.S. Koteliansky and Gilbert Cannan, in The House with Mezzanine and Other Stories, 1917; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Complete Short Novels, 2005)
  - Elämäni (suom. Ulla-Liisa Heino, Mestarinovelleja II, 1975)
• 'Anna na sheye', 1895
  - Anna on the Neck (tr. Ralph E. Matlaw, in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, 1979; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
  - Anna kaulassa (suom. L. Holm, Novelleja, 1960)
  - FILM: 1954, Anna na shee, dir.by Isidor Annensky
• 'Dom s mezonimom', 1896
  - The House with the Mezzanine (translators: S. S. Koteliansky and Gilbert Cannan, in The House with Mezzanine and Other Stories, 1917; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
  - Taiteilijan tarina (suom. Ulla-Liisa Heino, Mestarinovelleja II, 1975)
• Chaika, 1896 (play, in P'esy, 1897)
  - The Seagull (tr: F. Eisemann, in Poet Lore XXIV, 1913; Elisaveta Fen, in The Seagull, and Other Plays, 1954; Fred Eisemann, 1963; Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 2, 1967; Jean-Claude Van Itallie, 1974; Michael Frayn, in Chekhov: Plays, 1993; Jean-Claude van Itallie, in The Major Plays, 1994; Tom Stoppard, 1997; Paul Schmidt, in The Plays of Anton Chekhov, 1997; Karl Kramer and Margaret Booker, in Chekhov's Major Plays, 1997; Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
  - Lokki (suom.: Eino ja Jalo Kalima, teoksessa Neljä näytelmää, 1960; Lauri Sipari, 1995; Martti Anhava, 1999)
  - FILMS: 1968, dir. by Sidney Lumet, starring James Mason, Vanessa Redgrave, Simone Signoret; 1970, dir. by Yuli Karasik; 2003, La Petite Lili, dir. by Claude Miller; 2007, Nachmittag, dir. by Angela Schanelec
• Dyadya Vanya, 1897 (play, based on Leshii, in P'esy, 1897)
  - Uncle Vanya (translators: Elisaveta Fen, in The Seagull, and Other Plays, 1954; Stark Young, in Best Plays by Chekhov, 1956; Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 3, 1964; Michael Frayn, in Chekhov: Plays, 1993; Jean-Claude van Itallie, in The Major Plays, 1994; Karl Kramer and Margaret Booker, in Chekhov's Major Plays, 1997; Mike Poulton; Paul Schmidt, in The Plays of Anton Chekhov, 1997; Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
  - Eno Vanja (suom. V. Tarkiainen, 1909) / Vanja eno (suom. Eino ja Jalo Kalima, teoksessa Neljä näytelmää, 1960) / Vanja-eno (suom. Jukka Voutilainen, 1982; Esa Adrian, 1989; Martti Anhava, 1999) / Vanja-eno: kohtauksia maalaiselämästä (suom. Esa Adrian, 2011)
  - FILMS: 1957, dir. by John Goetz & Franchot Tone; 1970, dir. by Andrei Konchalovsky; 1990, Zio Vania di Anton Cechov, dir. by Antonio Salines; 1994, Country Life, dir. by Michael Blakemore, starring Sam Neill, Greta Scacchi; John Hargreaves; Kerry Fox; 1994, Vanya on 42nd Street, dir. by Louis Malle; 1996: August (based on the play), dir. by Anthony Hopkins
• 'Muzhiki', 1897
  - The Peasants (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Witch and Other Stories, 1918)
  - Venäläisiä talonpoikia (suom. J.G. Vuoriniemi, 1919) / Talonpoikia (suom. L. Helo, Novelleja, 1960; Ulla-Liisa Heino, Mestarinovelleja II, 1975)
• 'Na podvode', 1897
  - A Journey By Cart (tr. Marian Fell, in Russian Silhouettes, 1915) / A Journey by Cart (in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979) - Rattailla (suom. L. Grönlund, Novelleja, 1960; Marja Koskinen, Mestarinovelleja II, 1975)
• 'Kryzhovnik', 1898
  - Gooseberries (tr. S. S. Koteliansky and Gilbert Cannan, in The House with Mezzanine and Other Stories, 1917; Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979)
  - Karviaismarjat (suom. Reino Silvanto, teoksessa Kolme kertomusta, 1911) / Karviaismarjoja (suom. V. Levänen, Novelleja, 1960; Ulla-Liisa Heino, Mestarinovelleja II, 1975)
• 'Ionych', 1898
  - Ionych (tr. David Magarshack, in The Lady with a Lapdog, 1964)
• 'Sluchay iz praktiki', 1898
  - A Doctor's Visit (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Lady with the Dog and Other Stories, 1917; Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979
  - Sairaskäynnillä (suom. L. Grönlund, Novelleja, 1960)
• 'Chelovek v futliare', 1898
  - The Man in a Case (tr. in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979)
  - Koteloitunut ihminen (suom. Reino Silvanto, teoksessa Kolme kertomusta, 1911; Erkki Valkeila)
• 'Dama s sobachkoi', 1899
  - The Lady with the Dog and Other Stories (translated by Constance Garnett, 1917) / The Lady with a Lapdog (tr. David Magarshack, 1964) / The Lady with the Dog (tr. in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979) / The Lady with the Little Dog (tr. Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
  - Rouva, jolla oli koira (suom. L. Holm. Novelleja, 1960) / Nainen ja sylikoira (suom. Ulla-Liisa Heino, Mestarinovelleja II, 1975)
• 'Dushechka', 1899
  - The Darling (tr. Constance Garnett, in The Darling and Other Stories,1921; David Magarshack, in The Lady with a Lapdog, 1964; Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
  - Kullanmuru (suom. Juhani Konkka, Valitut novellit, 1960)
• 'V ovrage', 1900
  - In the Ravine (tr. Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
  - Rotkossa (suom. L. Helo, 1957; Ulla-Liisa Heino, teoksessa Mestarinovelleja II, 1975)
  - FILM: 1991, Kasba, dir. by Kumar Shahani
• Tri sestry, 1901 (play)
  - Three Sisters (translations: Constance Garnett, 1916; Stark Young, in Best Plays by Chekhov, 1956; Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 3, 1964; Brian Friel, 1992; Michael Frayn, in Chekhov: Plays, 1993; Jean-Claude van Itallie, in The Major Plays, 1994; Paul Schmidt, in The Plays of Anton Chekhov, 1997; Karl Kramer and Margaret Booker, in Chekhov's Major Plays, 1997; Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
  - Kolme sisarta (suom.: Eino ja Jalo Kalima, teoksessa Neljä näytelmää, 1960; Esa Adrian, 1977; Martti Anhava, 1985; Lauri Sipari, 1990)
  - FILMS: 1964, dir. by Samson Samsonov; 1970, dir. by Laurence Olivier, starring Laurence Olivier, Joan Plowright, Jeanne Watts, Louise Purnell, Derek Jacobi; 1987, dir. by Margarethe von Trotta, starring Fanny Ardant, Greta Sacchi, Valeria Golino, Peter Simonischek, Peter Castellito; 1992, A Három növér, dir. by Andor Lukáts; 1993, dir. by Boris Blank; 1994, dir. by Sergei Solovyov; 2005, dir. by Arthur Allan Seidelman
• 'Arkhierei', 1902
  - The Bishop (translations: Marian Fell, in Russian Silhouettes, 1915; Constance Garnett, in The Bishop and Other Stories, 1919; Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000)
  - Piispa (suom. Juhani Konkka, Valitut novellit, 1960)
• 'Nevesta', 1903
  - The Betrothed (tr. in Anton Chekhov's Short Stories, selected and edited by Ralph E. Matlaw, 1979) / The Fiancée (tr. Ronald Wilks, in The Fiancée and Other Stories, 1986; Richard Pevear & Larissa Volokhonsky, in Stories, 2000) / The Bride (tr. Robert Payne, in Forty Stories, 1991)
• Vishnyovy sad, 1904 (play)
  - The Cherry Orchard (translators: Constance Garnett, 1923; Jenny Covan, 1923; S.S. Kotelianskii, 1940; Stark Young, in Best Plays by Chekhov, 1956; Ronald Hingley, in The Oxford Chekhov: Volume 3, 1964; Elisaveta Lavrova, 1980; Michael Frayn, in Chekhov: Plays, 1993; Jean-Claude van Itallie, in The Major Plays, 1994; Karl Kramer and Margaret Booker; Paul Schmidt, in The Plays of Anton Chekhov, 1997; Laurence Senelick, in The Complete Plays, 2006)
  - Kirsikkapuisto (suom.: Eino ja Jalo Kalima, teoksessa neljä näytelmää, 1960) / Kirsikkapuutarha (suom. Markku Lahtela, 1969; Esa Adrian, 1984)
  - FILMS: 1978, El Jardín de los cerez bos, dir. by Gonzalo Martínez Ortega; 1993, dir. by Anna Tchernakova; 1999, dir. by Mihalis Kakogiannis, starring Charlotte Rampling, Alan Bates, Katrin Cartlidge, Owen Teale, Tushka Bergen
• Pis'ma, 1909
• Pis'ma, 1912-16
• Zapisnye knizhki, 1914
  - The Notebooks (tr. 1921)
• Tales, 1916-22 (13 vols., translated by Constance Garnett)
• Neizdannaya P'esa, 1923 (ed. N.F. Belchikov)
• Letters on the Short Story, the Drama and other Literary Topics, 1924 (ed. Louis S. Friedland)
• Letters to Olga Knipper, 1925
• Literary and Theatrical Reminiscences, 1927 (ed. S.S. Koteliansky)
• Polnoe sobranie sochinenii i pisem, 1944-51 (20 vols., ed. S.D. Balukhaty and others)
• Personal Papers, 1948
• Kashtanka: rasskaz, 1949
• The Unknown Chekhov: Stories and Other Writings Hitherto Untranslated, 1954 (ed. A. Yarmolinsky)
• The Seagull, and Other Plays, 1954 (tr. Elisaveta Fen)
• The Selected Letters of Anton Chekhov, 1955 (edited and with an introduction by Lillian Hellman)
• The Oxford Chekhov, 1964-80 (9 vols., ed. Ronald Hingley)
• Letters of Anton Chekhov, 1973 (tr. Michael Henry Heim, ed. Simon Karlinsky)
• Polnoe sobranie sochinenii i pisem, 1974-83 (30 vols.)
• Plays, 1977 (ed. and tr. Michael Frayn)
• The Kiss and Other Stories, 1982 (tr. Ronald Wilks)
• Chekhov, the Early Stories, 1883-1888, 1982 (tr. Patrick Miles and Harvey Pitcher)
• The Duel and Other Stories, 1984 (tr. Ronald Wilks)
• The Party and Other Stories, 1985 (tr. Ronald Wilks)
• The Fiancée and Other Stories, 1986 (tr. Ronald Wilks)
• The Chekhov Omnibus, 1986 (tr. Constance Garnett)
• Anton Chekhov: A Life in Letters, 1994 (tr. and ed. Gordon McVay)
• Dear Writer... Dear Actress...: The Love Letters of Olga Knipper and Anton Chekhov, 1996 (ed. and tr. Jean Benedetti)
• Chekhov's Major Plays, 1996 (tr. Karl Kramer and Margaret Booker)
• The Plays of Anton Chekhov, 1997 (tr. Paul Schmidt)
• The Complete Early Short Stories of Anton Chekhov, vol. one (1880–82): 'He and She' and Other Stories, 2001 (tr. Peter Sekirin)
  
  http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi
  
  
  

 

Romain Gary

"There was a new school of transcendental abstraction is Paris; its adepts stood in front of an empty canvas with imaginary brush in their hand, going through a pantomime of the act of painting, thus expression their absolute rejection of all compromise with being and matter, including that of art itself, and one of their works had been bought for fifteen thousand dollars by the Twentieth Century Museum in Geneva, a perfect illustration of Malraux's Voices of Silence." (from The Ski Bum, 1965)

For further reading: La nuit sera calme by Romain Gary and François Bondy (1974); Romain Gary/Emile Ajar by Jean-Marie Catonné (1990); Un picaro métaphysique: Romain Gary et l’art du roman by Jorn Boisen (1990); Die Weltsicht Romain Garys im Spiegel seines Romanwerkes by Claudia Gronewald (1997); Romain Gary: The Man Who Sold His Shadow by Ralph W. Schoolcraft (2002) -

• L'ÉDUCATION EUROPÉENNE, 1945 - Forest of Anger (tr. 1944) / rev. and re-tr., A European Education (US title, 1960); Nothing Important Ever Dies (GB title, 1960)
• TULIPE, 1946
• LE GRAND VESTIAIRE, 1949 - The Company of Men (translated from the French by Joseph Barnes, 1950)
• LES COLEURS DU JOUR, 1952 - The Colours of the Day (tr. Stephen Becker, 1953) - film 1959, The Man Who Understood Women, dir. by Nunnally Johnson, starring Leslie Caron, Henry Fonda, Cesare Danova
• LES RACINES DU CIEL, 1956 - The Roots of Heaven (tr. Jonathan Griffin, 1958) - film 1958, dir. by John Huston, starring Trevor Howard, Juliette Greco, Errol Flynn - "The book begins with a man in a German prison camp. He is rebellious, comes into conflict with the commandant of the stalag and is put into solitary confinement. As time passes, he begins to hallucinate. He conjures up a vision of elephants, the only free creatures on earth... After the war the man goes to Africa in quest of the freedom enjoyed by the elephants, discovers that they are being persecuted and becomes their defender. His efforts take on a symbolic significance, and great scientist, artists and politicians from all over the world come to join him. The Roots of Heaven was a prophetic book, anticipating the concerns of today's enviromentalists." (from An Open Book by John Huston, 1980) - "For many reasons the favorite picture in which I played was The Roots of Heaven. This story by the Frenchman, Romain Gary, was one of the most unusual I ever read." (from My Wicked, Wicked Ways by Erroll Flynn, 1959)
• LADY L, 1959 - Lady L.: A Novel (tr. 1959) - Lady L (suom. Sirppa Kauppinen, 1960) - film 1965, dir. by Peter Ustinov, starring Sophia Loren, Paul Neman, David Niven, Claude Dauphin, Philippe Noiret, Michel Piccoli
• LA PROMESSE DE L'AUBE, 1960 - Promise at Dawn (tr. John Markham Beach, 1961) - Aamunkoiton lupaus (suom. Ulla-Kaarina Jokinen, 1964) - film 1970, dir. by Jules Dassin, starring Melina Mercouri, Assaf Dayan; play First Love by Samuel Taylor
• JOHNNIE CŒUR, 1961
• GLOIRE À NOS ILLUSTRES PIONNIERS, 1962 - Hissing Tales (short stories, translated from the French by Richard Howard, 1964)
• THE SKI BUM, 1965 - The Ski Bum (tr. 1965) 
• POUR SGNARELLE, 1965
• LES MANGUERS D'ÉTOILES, 1966 (La Comédie américaine, 1966-1970) - The Talent Scout (tr. John Markham Beach, 1961)
• LA DANSE DE GENGIS COHN, 1967 - The Dance of Gengis Cohn (tr. Romain Gary with the assistance of Camilla Sykes, 1968) - television film 1993, dir. by Elijah Moshinsky, starring Antony Sher, Robert Lindsay, Diana Rigg, Matthew Marsh
• LES OISEAUX VONT MOURIR AU PÉROU / BIRDS IN PERU, 1967 (film) - dir. by Romain Gary, starring Jean Seberg
• LA TÊTE COUPABLE, 1968 - The Guilty Head (tr. 1967) - film Les Faussaires (1994), dir. by Frédéric Blum, starring Gérard Jugnot, Jean-Marc Barr, Viktor Lazlo
• ADIEU GARY COOPER, 1969 (La Comédie américaine, 1966-1970)
• CHIEN BLANC, 1970 - White Dog (tr. 1970) filmWhite Dog (1982), dir. by Samuel Fuller, starring Kristy McNichol, Paul Winfield, Burl Ives, Jameson Parker, Lynne Moody
• LES TRÉSORS DE LA MER ROUGE, 1971
• KILL!, 1971 (film) - dir. & screenplay by Romain Gary, starring James Mason, Stephen Boyd, Curd Jürgens, Jean Seberg
• EUROPA, 1972 - Europa (tr. Barbara Bray and the author, 1978)
• LES ENCANTEURS, 1973 - The Enchanters (tr. Helen Eustis, 1975)
• LA NUIT SERA CALME, 1974 (with François Bondy)
• GROS-CÂLIN, 1974 (as Émile Ajar) - film 1979, dir. by Jean-Pierre Rawson, starring Jean Carmet, Marthe Villalonga, Francis Perrin
• TÊTES DE STÉPHANIE, 1974 (as René Deville) - Direct Flight to Allah (tr. J. Maxwell Brownjohn, 1975)
• AU-DELÀ DE CETTE LIMITE VOTRE TICKET N'EST PLUS VALABLE, 1975 - Your Ticket Is No Longer Valid (tr. Sophie Wilkins, 1977) - Tästä eteenpäin matkaliput eivät kelpaa (suom. Sulamit Reenpää, 1976) - film 1981, dir. by George Kaczender, starring Richard Harris, Jennifer Dale, George Peppard, Jeanne Moreau
• LA VIE DEVANT SOI, 1976 (as Émile Ajar) - The Life Before Us (tr. Ralph Manheim, 1986) - Elämä edessäpäin (suom. Annikki Suni, 1978) - film 1977, dir. by Moshé Mizrahi, starring Simone Signoret, Michal Bat-Adam
• PSEUDO, 1976 (as Émile Ajar) - Hocus Bogus, 2010 (translated by David Bellos)
• CLAIR DE FEMME, 1977
• CHARGE D'ÂME, 1977 - The Gasp (tr. 1973)
• LA BONNE MOITIÉ, 1979
• L'ANGOISSE DU ROI SALOMON, 1979 (as Émile Ajar) - King Solomon (tr. Barbara Wright, 1983)
• LES CLOWNS LYRIQUES, 1979
• LES CERFS-VOLANTS, 1980
• VIE ET MORT D'EMILE AJAR, 1981
• L'HOMME À LA COLOMBE, 1984 (as Fosco Sinibaldi)

Kate Moss / A date with Lucian Freud
Kate Moss / 25 years in fashion
Was Kate Moss exploited as a young model
Kate Moss by Terry Richardson
How a nude Kate Moss helped define the 90s
Kate Moss says she was never anorexic 
Kate Moss / Nude


Kate Moss

• NAME: Kate Moss
• OCCUPATION:  Model
• BIRTH DATE: January 16, 1974
• PLACE OF BIRTH: London, England
• ZODIAC SIGN: Capricorn

Kate Moss was born January 16, 1974 in London, England. She appeared in her first cover shot a year after she was discovered at age 14. Featured in Calvin Klein's Obsession ad campaign in 1993, she became even more famous and sought-after. During her career, she has appeared on the cover of more than 300 magazines. She also starred in advertising campaigns for many of the top fashion houses.

Early Career

Career Highlights

During her career, she has appeared on the cover of more than 300 magazines. Moss also starred in advertising campaigns for many of the top fashion houses, including Chanel and Christian Dior. She received a Fashion Icon award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America in June 2005.

Photo by Albert Watson Marrakech, 1993

But what is it that makes an icon? How does a woman like Kate Moss come to be worshipped by an entire generation? Kate! The Making of an Icon is the first documentary to trace her iconic status to its origins. Shot in New York, London, Paris, Milan, Beijing, Zürich and Berlin, the film features exclusive interviews with Vivienne Westwood, renowned English fashion journalist Colin Mc Dowell, fashion photographers Peter Lindbergh and Albert Watson, famous US artist Chuck Close, Zürich-based artist Daniele Buetti known for his ‘injured fashion photos’, the general manager of YSL Renaud Le Lesquen and filmmaker Mike Figgis. Other interviewees include art collector Christian Boros, Metropolitan museum curator Kohle Yohannen, and Christies contemporary art expert Jean-Paul Engelen.

http://tvfinternational.com/programme/28/kate-the-making-of-an-icon

Balthus, pseudonym of Balthazar Klossowski, also spelled Balthasar Klossowsky (born February 29, 1908, Paris, France—died February 18, 2001, La Rossinière, Switzerland), reclusive French painter who, in the midst of 20th-century avant-gardism, explored the traditional categories of European painting: the landscape, the still life, the subject painting, and the portrait. He is best known for his controversial depictions of adolescent girls.

Balthus was born of artistic Polish parents who were active in a Parisian intellectual milieu that included Pierre Bonnard, André Derain and Rainer Maria Rilke. His father was a painter, art historian, and stage designer whose family had left Warsaw in 1830 and settled in East Prussia. His Jewish mother was also a painter and had moved with her family from Minsk to Breslau, East Prussia, in 1873. Balthus was taken to Berlin by his parents in 1914 at the beginning of World War I, but after his parents separated in 1917 his time was divided for years between war-torn Germany and Switzerland. Poet Rainer Maria Rike, a friend of Balthus’s mother, encouraged the precocious youth to publish an early book of drawings about Mitsou, a lost cat, for which Rilke also contributed a preface.

With the help of Gide, in 1924 Balthus returned to Paris, where he began to study painting (with financial aid raised in part by Rilke). Balthus soon began to support himself by accepting commissions for stage sets and portraits, but, after his first one-man show in Paris in 1934, he devoted most of his time to large-scale interiors and austere, muted landscapes. In works such as The Street (1933), he presented ordinary moments of contemporary life on a grand scale and utilized traditional, Old Master painting techniques. Although these works were formally somewhat conservative, they raised controversy for their subject matter: the scenes often have an erotic, disturbing atmosphere and are often peopled with pensive adolescent girls. The presence of these languid, dreamy girls has often given rise to charges of pedophilic overtones; however, the artist’s depiction of these girls has also been interpreted as a truthful, evocative portrayal of the awkwardness of adolescence.

Balthus was given a successful show at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City in 1956, and he served as director of the French Academy in Rome from 1961 to 1977 (earning André Malraux’s praise as France’s “second ambassador to Italy”). He was honoured with huge retrospectives at the Georges Pompidou Centre in Paris in 1983 and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City in 1984. He spent the last two decades of the century as a virtual recluse in Switzerland, where he lived in a grand, 18th-century chalet with his second wife. He continued to paint into his 90s.

BIOGRAPHY

Early years

Balthus, Guitar Lesson, 1934, oil on canvas.

A young artist in Paris

Champrovent to Chassy

Later years

Style and themes

Ancestral debates

Influence and legacy

Films on Balthus

• Damian Pettigrew, Balthus Through the Looking Glass (72', Super 16, PLANETE/CNC/PROCIREP, 1996). Documentary on and with Balthus filmed at work in his studio and in conversation at his Rossinière chalet. Shot over a 12-month period in Switzerland, Italy, France and the Moors of England.

References

1. ^ Klossowski de Rola, 18
2. ^ Balthus lessons - five controversial works by the French artist Art in America, Sept, 1997 by Sabine Rewald
3. ^ LAtimes.com Los Angeles Times 19 February 2001
4. ^ Telegraph.co.uk Telegraph.co.uk 19 Jun 2001
5. ^ Behind the Name: S
6. ^ Interview with Valerie Hazette

Bibliography

• Aubert, Raphaël (2005). Le Paradoxe Balthus. Paris: Éditions de la Différence
• Balthus (2001). Correspondance amoureuse avec Antoinette de Watteville: 1928-1937. Paris: Buchet/Chastel
• Clair, Jean and Virginie Monnier (2000). Balthus: Catalogue Raisonné of the Complete Works. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc.
• Davenport, Guy (1989). A Balthus Notebook. New York: Ecco Press
• Neret, Gilles (2003). Balthus. New York: Taschen
• Klossowski de Rola, Stanislas (1996). Balthus. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc.
• Roy, Claude (1996). Balthus. Paris: Gallimard
• Vircondelet, Alain (2001). Mémoires de Balthus. Monaco: Editions du Rocher
• Von Boehm, Gero (author) and Kishin Shinoyama (photographer) (2007). The Painter's House. Munich: Schirmer/Mosel
• Weber, Nicholas Fox (1999). Balthus, a Biography. New York: Alfred A. Knopf ISBN 0-679-40737-5
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http://www.answers.com/topic/balthus

Andy Warhol / Muhammad Ali

Muhammad Ali / Quotes

Muhammad Ali

(1942)

Muhammad Ali Timeline The ups and downs of the champ's career

Memorable Quotes from Muhammad Ali

From the mouth of the Champ

"Service to others is the rent you pay for your room here on earth." —Time magazine (1978) "It's just a job. Grass grows, birds fly, waves pound the sand. I beat people up."  —New York Times (1977) "I'm not the greatest; I'm the double greatest. Not only do I knock 'em out, I pick the round." —New York Times (1962) "I know where I'm going and I know the truth and I don't have to be what you want me to be. I'm free to be what I want." —after announcing he's joined the Nation of Islam (1964) "I'm the best. I just haven't played yet." —when asked about his golf game Muhammad Ali Cassius Clay (1978) by Andy Warhol The Greatest Turns 70 2012/01/17 By David E. Phillips Just one day after we celebrated the birthday of the greatest Civil Rights leader in American history, we have occasion to honor another hero of that movement, Muhammad Ali. Ali turns 70 today, and while his health has diminished, his impact is everlasting. My most recent memory of the great man is from almost two full years ago, when a people from a far off country found themselves visited by terrible tragedy, the horror of the earthquake in Haiti. There were many moments worth remembering during the multi-network broadcast of the Haiti Earthquake Relief Telethon hastily put together by George Clooney on Friday, January 22nd, 2010. The soul-stirring performances by Mary J. Blige, Coldplay, Bruce Springsteen and many others were very moving, and the stories of the Haitian people’s tragedy, despair, and hope delivered by a bevy of celebrities were even more so. But the moment that affected me most was the sight of Chris Rock and a drawn, disabled man who the comedian spoke for while holding his hand. That man was Muhammad Ali. http://www.addictinginfo.org/2012/01/17/the-greatest-turns-70/